Kidney Disease
A person with diabetes is 17 times more likely to develop problems
with his/her kidneys than a person without diabetes. The kidneys
filter your blood and dispose of the body's waste in your urine.
Millions of blood vessels are part of that filtering system in the
kidneys. High blood sugar levels and high blood pressure can damage
these small blood vessels. Then the kidneys are not able to filter
your body's wastes very well, leaving protein in the urine. This
is called nephropathy. There aren't any early symptoms, but it can
be detected by yearly blood and urine tests at your doctor's office.
Risk
Factors Of Nephropathy
Detecting
Nephropathy
Preventing
Nephropathy
Risk
Factors of Nephropathy
The longer you have diabetes, the more likely you are to develop nephropathy. The following risk factors put you at increased risk for kidney disease.
- poor diabetes control
- people with diabetes who have a near relative with nephropathy
- high blood pressure
- high cholesterol levels
- urinary tract infections
- smoking
- ethnicity (high prevalence in Australian Aborigines)
Because nephropathy doesn't have any symptoms until it is far along, the best thing you can do is to have your urine checked for microalbuminuria (MAU). The presence of MAU is an early indicator of kidney disease. Screening for MAU allows you to detect nephropathy in its early stages when treatment can slow or even prevent progression of the disease. The American Diabetes Association recommends that type 1 patients with diabetes be screened for MAU starting five years after their diagnosis. Type 2 patients with diabetes should be screened yearly as soon as they are diagnosed.
- Keep your
blood sugar levels close to normal range. Discuss your target
range with your diabetes care team.
- Lower your
blood pressure if it is high. Discuss what your normal range is
and how to treat your high blood pressure with your healthcare
team. In general, normal blood pressure is less than 130/85 mm
Hg.
- If you have
protein in your urine, discuss how to treat this - with medication
and/or limiting protein in your meal plan - with your healthcare
team.
- Stop smoking! Smoking is a strong risk factor for kidney damage. It causes damage to the lining of the blood vessels and narrows small blood vessels.

